0102030405
Izixhobo ze-aluminium alloy eziphezulu: ukhetho oluyinguquko kwintshayelelo yokwakha ibhulorho
2024-04-18
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwesayensi netekhnoloji kunye nokukhawuleziswa kokukhula kwezixeko, iibhulorho, njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yezothutho zasezidolophini, zihlala zivelisa izinto ezintsha kwiindlela zazo zoyilo kunye nokwakha. Iibhulorho zentsimbi zemveli zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, iingxaki ezifana nokugqwala kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulungisa ziyavela kancinci kancinci. Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi, izixhobo ze-aluminium alloy eziphezulu ziye zaba lukhetho olukhulu kwicandelo lokwakhiwa kweebhulorho kunye neenzuzo zazo zokusebenza ezizodwa.
Iingenelo zezinto ze-aluminium alloy
Iingenelo zoyilo olukhaphukhaphu
Uxinano lwe-aluminium alloy lumalunga ne-2.7 g/cm³, elimalunga ne-1/3 yentsimbi kuphela. Ithetha ukuthini le propati ilula kuyilo lwebhulorho nokwakhiwa kwayo? Okokuqala, izakhiwo zebhulorho ezilula zinokunciphisa iimfuno zeziseko, zivumele ukwakhiwa kweebhulorho ezinkulu kwiindawo ezineemeko ezimbi zejoloji. Okwesibini, izakhiwo ezilula zinokunciphisa iindleko zokuhamba kunye nokufakela, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezikude okanye kwiindawo ezinokufikelela okuncinci. Ukongeza, izakhiwo ezilula zinokunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenyikima ngexesha lenyikima kuba ubunzima obulula bunciphisa amandla angasebenziyo phantsi kwentshukumo yenyikima.
Ukubaluleka kokumelana nokugqwala
Izinto ze-aluminium alloy zinokwenza ifilimu ye-oxide exineneyo kwindawo yendalo. Le filimu ye-oxide inokuthintela ngempumelelo ukungena komswakama kunye ne-oksijini, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela izinto ekungcoleni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kweebhulorho, njengoko iibhulorho zihlala zichatshazelwa zizinto kwaye kufuneka zimelane nezi zinto. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhulorho zentsimbi zemveli, iibhulorho ze-aluminium alloy azifuni unyango oluqhelekileyo lokulwa nokungcola, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye nomsebenzi.
Indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo ye-plasticity kunye ne-processability
Izinto ze-aluminium alloy kulula ukuzikhupha nokuyila, kwaye iiprofayili ezineenxalenye ezahlukeneyo ezintsonkothileyo zinokwenziwa, nto leyo enika amathuba amaninzi oyilo lwebhulorho. Abayili banokuyila izakhiwo zebhulorho ezintle nezisebenzayo njengoko kufuneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezimbini zezixeko zanamhlanje zokujonga umhlaba kunye nokusebenza kwawo. Ukongeza, ukuwelda kunye netekhnoloji yoqhagamshelo lwe-aluminium alloy nazo zihlala ziphucuka, nto leyo eyenza ukwakhiwa kweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy kube lula kwaye kukhawuleze.
Iipropati zoomatshini kunye netekhnoloji yoqhagamshelo lwee-alloys ze-aluminium
Ingqwalasela epheleleyo yeempawu zoomatshini Nangona ii-alloy ze-aluminium zine-modulus ethambileyo ephantsi, amandla azo athile (umlinganiselo wamandla noxinano) ayafana, okanye angcono kunentsimbi enamandla aphezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba izakhiwo ze-alloy ze-aluminium zinokuba lula ngelixa zithwele umthwalo ofanayo. Kwangaxeshanye, iimpawu zokuguquguquka kwe-elastic zee-alloy ze-aluminium kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha loyilo, kwaye ukuqina kunye namandla esakhiwo kufuneka kuyilwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo.
Uyilo kunye noPhuhliso lweeTekhnoloji zoQhagamshelo
Ii-alloy ze-aluminium zinokudityaniswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka uqhagamshelo olunamabholiti, uqhagamshelo lwe-rivet kunye noqhagamshelo oludibeneyo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukubola kwe-galvanic, ii-rivets ze-aluminium okanye ii-bolts zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ze-alloy ze-aluminium. Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokudibanisa, ukusebenza kwe-welding yee-alloy ze-aluminium nako kuphuculwe kakhulu. I-MIG welding (ukunyibilikisa igesi engenamandla) kunye ne-TIG welding (ukunyibilikisa igesi engenamandla ye-tungsten) ziindlela ezimbini ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ze-aluminium alloy welding ezinokubonelela ngamajoyinti adibeneyo asemgangathweni ophezulu ahlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu yokwakhiwa kwebhulorho.
Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy
Amanqaku oYilo lweNkqubo eZinzileyo
Izinto ze-aluminium alloy zinokuba neengxaki zokugoba ecaleni kunye nokungazinzi kwe-torsional xa zigoba, nto leyo efuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngexesha loyilo. Ukuze kuphuculwe uzinzo lwesakhiwo, abayili banokuthatha amanyathelo ahlukeneyo, njengokongeza inkxaso ethe tye, ukutshintsha imo yecandelo elinqamlezileyo, ukusebenzisa iziqinisi, njl. Ezi nyathelo zinokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo uzinzo lwendawo kunye nolwelonke lweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy kwaye ziqinisekise ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo phantsi kwemithwalo eyahlukeneyo.
Imizekelo yebhulorho ye-aluminium alloy
Ibhuloho yabahambi ngeenyawo eHangzhou Qingchun Road Middle River
Le bhulorho isebenzisa i-aluminium alloy truss structure box girder, kwaye eyona nto iphambili kwibhulorho yi-aluminium alloy engu-6082-T6. Ibhulorho enobude obuziimitha ezingama-36.8 inobunzima obuziitoni ezili-11 kuphela, nto leyo ebonisa iingenelo zoyilo olukhaphukhaphu lweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy. Uyilo lwebhulorho alujongi nje kuphela ukusebenza, kodwa lujongisisa ngokupheleleyo ukuhambelana nendawo engqongileyo, lube yindawo entle yesixeko.
Ibhulorho yabahambi ngeenyawo eShanghai Xujiahui
Ibhulorho yabahambi ngeenyawo yaseShanghai Xujiahui eyilwe yiYunivesithi yaseTongji yenziwe nge-aluminium alloy engu-6061-T6, enobubanzi obunye beemitha ezingama-23, ububanzi beemitha ezi-6, ubunzima obungaphelelanga be-150kN kuphela, kunye nobunzima obukhulu bomthwalo obuyi-50t. Ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwale bhulorho kubonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweebhulorho ze-aluminium alloy kwizixeko zanamhlanje.
Ibhulorho yabahambi ngeenyawo iBeishi Xidan
Isakhiwo esingaphezulu kwe-aluminium alloy yeBridge yeXidan Pedestrian eBei City sakhiwe yinkampani exhaswa ngemali yinkampani yangaphandle, kwaye iprofayili ephambili ye-aluminium alloy yi-6082-T6. Ubude obupheleleyo be-main span yi-38.1m, ububanzi obucacileyo bedekhi yebhulorho yi-8m, kwaye ubude obupheleleyo yi-84m. Ibhulorho yenzelwe intuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko lwabahambi ngeenyawo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-aluminium alloy kukwanika ibhulorho ixesha elide lenkonzo kunye neendleko zokulungisa eziphantsi.
Isiphelo
Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-aluminium alloy eziphezulu ekwakhiweni kweebhulorho akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwesakhiwo kunye nokuqina kweebhulorho, kodwa kuzisa namathuba amaninzi kuyilo lweebhulorho. Ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokwakha, iibhulorho ze-aluminium alloy kulindeleke ukuba zidlale indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekwakhiweni kweebhulorho kwixesha elizayo kwaye zibe likhonkco elibalulekileyo elidibanisa izixeko zanamhlanje.