Izinto ze-aluminium alloy ezisezingeni eliphezulu: ukukhetha okusha kokwethulwa kokwakhiwa kwebhuloho
2024-04-18
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokusheshisa kokukhula kwedolobha, amabhuloho, njengengxenye ebalulekile yezokuthutha zasemadolobheni, ahlala esungula izinto ezintsha ezindleleni zawo zokuklama nezokwakha. Amabhuloho ensimbi endabuko asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkinga ezifana nokugqwala kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphakeme ziyavela kancane kancane. Ngokuphikisana nalesi simo, izinto ze-aluminium alloy ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziye zaba ukukhetha okusha emkhakheni wokwakhiwa kwamabhuloho ngezinzuzo zazo zokusebenza ezihlukile.
Izinzuzo zezinto ze-aluminium alloy
Izinzuzo zomklamo olula
Ubuningi be-aluminium alloy bungaba ngu-2.7 g/cm³, okungaba yi-1/3 yensimbi kuphela. Kusho ukuthini lokhu kwakhiwa kwebhuloho okulula? Okokuqala, izakhiwo zebhuloho ezilula zinganciphisa izidingo zezisekelo, okuvumela ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho amakhulu ezindaweni ezinezimo ezimbi ze-geological. Okwesibili, izakhiwo ezilula zinganciphisa nezindleko zokuhamba nokufakwa, okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude noma ezindaweni ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ezilula zingasiza futhi ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokuzamazama komhlaba ngesikhathi sokuzamazama komhlaba ngoba isisindo esincane sinciphisa amandla angasebenzi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokuzamazama komhlaba.
Ukubaluleka kokumelana nokugqwala
Izinto ze-aluminium alloy zingakha ifilimu ye-oxide eningi endaweni yemvelo. Le filimu ye-oxide ingavimba ngempumelelo ukungena komswakama nomoya-mpilo, ngaleyo ndlela ivikele izinto ekugqwaleni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamabhuloho, njengoba amabhuloho evame ukuchayeka ezintweni futhi adinga ukumelana nezinto. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhuloho ensimbi endabuko, amabhuloho e-aluminium alloy awadingi ukwelashwa okuvamile kokulwa nokugqwala, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa zesikhathi eside kanye nomsebenzi.
Inhlanganisela ephelele yokwakheka kwepulasitiki kanye nokusebenziseka kalula
Izinto ze-aluminium alloy kulula ukuzikhipha nokuyibumba, futhi amaphrofayili anezingxenye ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi angenziwa, okunikeza amathuba engeziwe okuklama ibhuloho. Abaklami bangaklama izakhiwo zebhuloho ezinhle nezisebenzayo njengoba kudingeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezimbili zamadolobha anamuhla zemvelo nokusebenza kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisela i-aluminium alloy kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuxhuma nakho kuyathuthuka njalo, okwenza ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho e-aluminium alloy kube lula futhi kusheshe.
Izakhiwo zemishini kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuxhumanisa ama-aluminium alloys
Ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kwezakhiwo zemishini Nakuba ama-aluminium alloy ane-modulus enwebekayo ephansi, amandla awo athile (isilinganiso samandla nobuningi) aqhathaniswa, noma angcono kakhulu kunensimbi enamandla aphezulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izakhiwo ze-aluminium alloy zingaba lula ngenkathi zithwele umthwalo ofanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izici zokuguquguquka kwe-elastic zama-aluminium alloy zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngesikhathi sokuklama, futhi ukuqina namandla esakhiwo kufanele kwakhiwe ngendlela efanele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuzinza kwesakhiwo.
Ukusungula Nokuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe Bokuxhumana
Ama-alloy e-aluminium angaxhunywa ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuxhumeka okunamabholidi, ukuxhumeka kwe-rivet kanye nokuxhumeka okuhlanganisiwe. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukugqwala kwe-galvanic, ama-rivets e-aluminium noma ama-bolts avame ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni ze-aluminium alloy. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokunamathisela, ukusebenza kokunamathisela kwama-alloy e-aluminium nakho kuthuthukiswe kakhulu. Ukushisela kwe-MIG (ukushisela igesi engasebenzi kahle) kanye nokushisela kwe-TIG (ukushisela igesi engasebenzi kahle ye-tungsten) kuyizindlela ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokushisela i-aluminium alloy ezinganikeza amajoyinti ahlanganisiwe asezingeni eliphezulu ahlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme zokwakhiwa kwebhuloho.
Ukusebenza okuzinzile kwamabhuloho e-aluminium alloy
Amaphuzu Okuklama Okusebenza Okuzinzile
Izingxenye ze-aluminium alloy zingase zibe nokugoba eceleni kanye nokungazinzi kokugoba lapho zigoba, okudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokuklama. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, abaklami bangathatha izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene, njengokwengeza izisekelo ezivundlile, ukushintsha isimo se-cross-sectional, ukusebenzisa izinti zokuqinisa, njll. Lezi zinyathelo zingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuzinza kwendawo kanye nokwejwayelekile kwamabhuloho e-aluminium alloy futhi ziqinisekise ukuphepha kwesakhiwo ngaphansi kwemithwalo eyahlukahlukene.
Izibonelo zebhuloho le-aluminium alloy
Ibhuloho labahamba ngezinyawo laseHangzhou Qingchun Road Middle River
Leli bhuloho lisebenzisa i-aluminium alloy truss structure box girder, kanti i-bridger eyinhloko yi-aluminium alloy engu-6082-T6. Ibhuloho elingamamitha angu-36.8 ubude linesisindo esingamathani ayi-11 kuphela, okubonisa izinzuzo zomklamo olula wamabhuloho e-aluminium alloy. Umklamo webhuloho awugcini nje ngokubheka ukusebenza kahle, kodwa futhi ubheka ngokugcwele ukuvumelana nendawo ezungezile, ube yindawo enhle edolobheni.
I-Shanghai Xujiahui Pedestrian Bridge
Ibhuloho labahamba ngezinyawo laseShanghai Xujiahui elaklanywa yiTongji University lenziwe nge-aluminium alloy engu-6061-T6, enobubanzi obungamamitha angu-23, ububanzi obungamamitha angu-6, isisindo esingeqile esingu-150kN kuphela, kanye nesisindo esiphezulu somthwalo esingama-50t. Ukwakhiwa okusheshayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwaleli bhuloho kubonisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamabhuloho e-aluminium alloy emadolobheni anamuhla.
Beishi Xidan Pedestrian Bridge
Isakhiwo esingaphezulu se-aluminium alloy se-Xidan Pedestrian Bridge eBei City sakhiwe yinkampani exhaswe ngabangaphandle, kanti iphrofayili eyinhloko ye-aluminium alloy ingu-6082-T6. Ubude obuphelele besikhala esiyinhloko bungu-38.1m, ububanzi obucacile bedekhi lebhuloho bungu-8m, kanti ubude obuphelele bungu-84m. Ibhuloho laklanywa kucatshangelwa induduzo nokuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-aluminium alloy kunikeza ibhuloho impilo ende yenkonzo kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi.
Isiphetho
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-aluminium alloy ezisezingeni eliphezulu ekwakhiweni kwamabhuloho akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesakhiwo kanye nokuqina kwamabhuloho, kodwa futhi kuletha amathuba amaningi ekwakhiweni kwamabhuloho. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, amabhuloho e-aluminium alloy kulindeleke ukuthi adlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamabhuloho esikhathini esizayo futhi abe yisixhumanisi esibalulekile esixhumanisa amadolobha anamuhla.